Bichon Frise Breed Information

Grooming

The Bichon Frise has a beautiful, fluffy white coat that sets it apart from other breeds. But keeping that signature look requires consistent grooming. Unlike many dogs, Bichons don’t shed much, so their fur keeps growing. Without regular brushing and trimming, the coat can mat, tangle, and lose its soft, plush texture. 

Brushing: Daily Maintenance is a Must 

A Bichon’s coat needs daily brushing to prevent knots and matting. Because the fur is curly and dense, tangles can form quickly, especially around the ears, legs, and chest. Using a pin brush or slicker brush helps remove loose hair and keeps the coat fluffy and smooth. Some owners also use a metal comb to work through deeper knots. 

If brushing every day isn’t possible, aim for at least four to five times a week. Skipping too many days can cause mats that are difficult to remove, sometimes requiring a professional groomer to cut them out. 

Bathing: How Often is Enough? 

Bichon Frise dogs need a bath every three to four weeks to keep their white coat looking bright and clean. Because their fur can trap dirt and oils, regular washing prevents discoloration and keeps the coat fresh. A mild, dog-friendly shampoo works best, especially one designed for white or light-colored coats. 

After a bath, thoroughly drying the coat is just as important as washing it. Using a blow dryer on a low setting while brushing helps maintain the fluffy texture and prevents damp fur from clumping. Leaving the coat damp can also lead to skin irritation. 

Trimming and Professional Grooming 

Most Bichon owners take their dog to a professional groomer every four to six weeks for a full trim. Groomers shape the coat into the breed’s signature round, teddy bear-like appearance, ensuring the fur stays manageable and healthy. 

For owners who prefer to groom their Bichon at home, trimming around the eyes, paws, and sanitary areas should be done regularly. Overgrown fur can block vision, collect dirt, or cause discomfort when walking. A good pair of rounded grooming scissors and a dog-safe electric trimmer can help maintain a neat look between grooming appointments. 

Eye and Tear Stain Care 

Many Bichon Frises develop tear stains, which appear as reddish-brown discoloration under the eyes. These stains are caused by excessive tearing, which can be influenced by diet, genetics, or minor eye irritation. Wiping the area daily with a damp cloth or tear stain remover helps keep the fur around the eyes clean. Some owners also find that filtered water and a high-quality diet reduce tear staining over time. 

Nail and Ear Care 

• Nails should be trimmed every two to three weeks to prevent discomfort while walking. If the nails make a clicking sound on the floor, they’re too long. 
• Ears should be checked weekly for redness, wax buildup, or signs of infection. Since Bichons have floppy ears, moisture can get trapped inside, leading to infections. Cleaning the ears gently with a dog-safe ear cleaner helps prevent problems. 

Keeping up with a Bichon Frise’s grooming routine isn’t just about looks—it’s essential for their overall health and comfort. A well-groomed Bichon feels better, moves more freely, and avoids common issues like skin irritation, eye infections, and painful mats. 

Exercise Needs

The Bichon Frise may be small, but it has plenty of energy to burn. While not as hyperactive as some toy breeds, this dog needs daily exercise to stay happy and healthy. A well-exercised Bichon is playful, well-behaved, and less likely to develop bad habits like excessive barking or chewing. 

How Much Exercise Does a Bichon Frise Need? 

Bichons do best with 30 to 45 minutes of activity per day. This can be split between short walks, playtime, and interactive games. Since Bichons are natural entertainers, they often make their own fun by zooming around the house or tossing toys in the air. But structured exercise helps prevent boredom and keeps them physically fit. 

Best Types of Exercise for a Bichon Frise 

Bichons don’t require intense workouts, but they do need variety and engagement. Here are some of their favorite ways to stay active: 

• Daily Walks – Two or three short walks each day (10–15 minutes each) provide great mental and physical stimulation. Bichons love exploring their surroundings and meeting new people. 
• Playtime at Home – A game of fetch, tug-of-war, or chasing a squeaky toy keeps them entertained and active. Indoor play is perfect for rainy days. 
  Interactive Toys and Puzzles – Mental stimulation is just as important as physical activity. Puzzle toys, treat dispensers, and hide-and-seek games challenge their minds and prevent boredom. 
• Dog Park Visits – Bichons love socializing! A well-supervised trip to the dog park lets them run, play, and interact with other dogs. 
• Agility or Obedience Training – Many Bichons excel in agility courses, trick training, and obedience games. These activities tap into their intelligence and give them a job to focus on. 

Do Bichons Need a Backyard? 

Bichons don’t need a big yard to be happy. They adapt well to apartment living as long as they get daily walks and playtime. A fenced yard is a bonus, giving them a safe place to explore, but it’s not a requirement. As long as they have space to move around indoors and get regular outings, they’ll stay active and content. 

What Happens if a Bichon Doesn’t Get Enough Exercise? 

A Bichon that doesn’t get enough activity may start showing behavioral issues like: 

• Restlessness and Hyperactivity – Zooming around the house, jumping on furniture, or acting overly excited. 
• Excessive Barking – A bored Bichon may bark at every little noise or try to get attention through vocalization. 
• Chewing or Digging – Without proper stimulation, some Bichons chew furniture, shoes, or dig at carpets and blankets. 
• Weight Gain – Lack of movement combined with treats can lead to obesity, which puts strain on their small joints. 

Health

The Bichon Frise is generally a healthy and long-lived breed, but like all dogs, it has some breed-specific health concerns to watch for. Regular vet checkups, a balanced diet, proper exercise, and good grooming habits all play a role in keeping a Bichon happy and healthy. 

Common Health Concerns 

Although Bichon Frises are sturdy little dogs, they are prone to certain health issues. Allergies are one of the most common concerns, often causing itchy skin, redness, and excessive licking. These reactions can be triggered by food, pollen, dust, or grooming products. Many Bichons also develop ear infections, especially if moisture gets trapped in their floppy ears. Regular ear cleaning helps prevent this problem. 

Dental health is another area that requires attention. Small breeds like the Bichon are prone to tartar buildup, gum disease, and tooth decay, which can lead to pain and infections if left untreated. Daily brushing, along with professional dental cleanings, helps maintain healthy teeth and gums. 

Joint issues can also arise, with luxating patella being a common condition in the breed. This occurs when the kneecap temporarily slips out of place, causing discomfort and occasional limping. Mild cases may not require treatment, but more severe cases sometimes need surgery. Hip dysplasia can also occur, though it’s more common in larger breeds. Keeping a Bichon at a healthy weight helps reduce strain on the joints. 

Keeping a Bichon Healthy 

A healthy Bichon Frise is energetic, bright-eyed, and always ready for play. The coat should feel soft and clean, the eyes should be clear without excessive tearing, and the ears should be free from redness or strong odors. Good dental hygiene is also important, as bad breath and tartar buildup can signal underlying health issues. 

Routine veterinary care is the best way to ensure long-term health. Annual checkups, vaccinations, and parasite prevention keep Bichons in top condition. Dental cleanings and bloodwork become more important as they age, helping detect potential problems early. Owners should also pay close attention to changes in appetite, behavior, or energy levels, as these can be the first signs of illness. 

A high-quality diet supports overall health, especially when formulated for small, active breeds. Fresh water should always be available, as proper hydration helps prevent urinary issues. Regular exercise keeps muscles strong and prevents weight gain, which is crucial for joint health. Grooming isn’t just about appearance—it also plays a role in health. Clean skin, well-trimmed nails, and well-maintained ears help prevent common issues like infections and irritation. 

While Bichon dogs are typically healthy, sudden changes in behavior or physical condition should never be ignored. A loss of appetite, vomiting, persistent diarrhea, excessive scratching, trouble walking, or unusual lethargy all warrant a trip to the vet. 

Lifespan

The Bichon Frise is a long-lived breed, with an average lifespan of 14–15 years. Some Bichons even reach 16 years or more with excellent care, making them one of the longer-lived small dog breeds. Genetics, diet, exercise, and regular veterinary care all play a role in determining how long a Bichon will live. While no one can predict exactly how long a dog will stay by your side, certain factors can increase the chances of a long, healthy life. 

Factors That Affect Lifespan 

One of the biggest influences on a Bichon’s lifespan is genetics. A well-bred Bichon from a responsible breeder has a lower risk of inherited health conditions. Reputable breeders carefully select parents with strong genetic backgrounds to reduce the chances of passing on issues like hip dysplasia, heart disease, or severe allergies. 

Lifestyle also plays a huge role. A balanced diet keeps the immune system strong and prevents issues like obesity, which can shorten a dog’s life. Exercise is just as important—Bichons may be small, but regular activity helps maintain heart health, joint strength, and mental sharpness well into their senior years. 

Preventative veterinary care makes a significant difference as well. Routine checkups catch health problems before they become serious, and vaccinations, parasite prevention, and dental cleanings all contribute to a longer, healthier life. Many conditions that affect senior dogs, such as kidney disease or vision loss, can be managed effectively if caught early. 

Signs of Aging in a Bichon Frise 

Around age 10–12, most Bichons start showing signs of aging. Their energy levels may slow down, and they may prefer lounging over long play sessions. The once-bright white coat may lose some of its vibrancy, and tear staining may become more noticeable. Joint stiffness can develop, making it harder for them to jump onto furniture or keep up on longer walks. 

Some senior Bichon Frise dogs also experience hearing or vision loss. You may notice your dog reacting less to sounds or hesitating in unfamiliar spaces. While aging is natural, these changes don’t mean a dog’s quality of life has to decline. Adjusting their routine—such as shorter, more frequent walks, orthopedic dog beds, and softer foods for sensitive teeth—can help keep a senior Bichon comfortable. 

How to Help a Bichon Live a Long, Healthy Life 

Keeping a Bichon happy and healthy well into old age starts with early habits. A nutritious diet, daily exercise, and proper grooming all set the foundation for a long lifespan. Dental care is particularly important, as poor oral health can lead to infections that affect the heart and other organs. Mental stimulation—through training, interactive toys, and social interaction—also helps keep aging dogs sharp. 

Senior Bichons benefit from regular vet visits, ideally twice a year, to monitor for age-related conditions. Adjusting their diet to support joint health and digestion can also make a difference. Supplements like glucosamine and omega-3 fatty acids help keep joints flexible, while high-quality protein maintains muscle tone. 

While genetics set the foundation, lifestyle and care make all the difference. Many Bichons remain playful, affectionate, and full of personality well into their teenage years. 

Training

The Bichon Frise is an intelligent, eager-to-please breed that thrives on positive reinforcement. Training usually comes easily, especially when rewards like treats, praise, and playtime are involved. However, consistency is key. Bichons can have a stubborn streak, and without clear guidance, they may try to test the rules. 

House Training 

Housebreaking a Bichon Frise can take time. Like many small breeds, they have a tiny bladder, meaning they need frequent potty breaks, especially as puppies. Establishing a consistent schedule—taking them out first thing in the morning, after meals, and before bed—helps them learn faster. 
Crate training works well for housebreaking, as Bichons naturally avoid soiling their sleeping space.

However, they don’t do well with long hours in a crate, so owners should gradually extend the time between bathroom breaks. If accidents happen, patience is important—harsh corrections can make a Bichon anxious and slow the training process. 

Obedience Training 

Bichons respond exceptionally well to obedience training when it’s fun and engaging. They love learning new tricks and commands, especially when taught in short, upbeat sessions. Basic commands like sit, stay, come, and leave it should be introduced early. Using positive reinforcement—a small treat or enthusiastic praise—helps reinforce good behavior. 

While they pick up commands quickly, they can also be a little manipulative if they sense inconsistency. If a Bichon gets away with begging at the table once, they’ll try it again. Setting clear boundaries and reinforcing them every time prevents bad habits from forming. 

Socialization 

Bichon Frises are naturally friendly, but early socialization ensures they stay well-adjusted and confident in different environments. Introducing them to new people, places, sounds, and other animals as puppies helps prevent shyness or nervousness. 

Regular outings to dog-friendly stores, parks, or neighborhood walks expose them to different sights and sounds, reducing the chances of fear-based behaviors. Bichons that lack socialization may become overly dependent on their owners and struggle with separation anxiety. 

Separation Anxiety 

Bichons form strong bonds with their families, which is a wonderful trait—but it also means they don’t like being left alone for long. If not properly trained, they can develop separation anxiety, leading to excessive barking, destructive chewing, or pacing when left alone. 

Teaching a Bichon to feel comfortable being alone starts with short departures, gradually increasing the time away. Leaving interactive toys or puzzle feeders helps keep them occupied. Avoid making a big fuss when leaving or returning home—calm departures and arrivals reinforce the idea that alone time is normal. 

Leash Training 

Despite their small size, Bichons can be enthusiastic walkers and may try to pull ahead on a leash. Teaching loose-leash walking from an early age helps prevent bad habits. Using a lightweight harness rather than a collar provides better control and reduces strain on the neck. 

Stopping whenever they pull and rewarding them for walking by your side teaches them proper leash manners. A short, daily walk combined with playtime keeps a Bichon both mentally and physically engaged. 

Training a Bichon Frise 

Training a Bichon is about consistency, patience, and making learning fun. They love praise, thrive on routine, and respond best to gentle, reward-based training. Harsh corrections don’t work with this breed and can make them more stubborn.